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Ubuntu postinstall

Things to do after installing

Warning

The default locale in Ubuntu for traditional Chinese (Taiwan) is lzh_TW rather than zh_TW, which might cause issues. You can change it to zh_TW by editing the file /etc/locale.gen. Comment out the lzh_TW line and uncomment the zh_TW line. And then run:

sudo locale-gen

Finally, install the Traditional Chinese locale in Language Support and then set locale to Taiwan to solve this problem.

Make software repo point to NCHC for faster network speed

You can replace  archive.ubuntu.com with a closer mirror, e.g., tw.archive.ubuntu.com or free.nchc.org.tw in /etc/apt/sources.list. After you are done, run:

sudo apt clean && sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade -y

Setup 3rd party repos

Adding 3rd party repositories for latest packages not available in xUbuntu's official repositories.

First, install required package

sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl git gnupg-agent software-properties-common

The setup repos for applications:

Xanmod Linux kernel

Xanmod is a general-purpose Linux kernel distribution with custom settings and new features.

curl -fsSL https://dl.xanmod.org/gpg.key | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/xanmod-keyring.gpg
echo 'deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/xanmod-keyring.gpg] http://deb.xanmod.org releases main' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/xanmod-kernel.list > /dev/null
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y linux-xanmod

Nvidia GPU computing (CUDA)

The following section works for Ubuntu 22.04 LTS.

Install nvidia CUDA runtime and compatible GPU driver.

wget https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu2204/x86_64/cuda-keyring_1.0-1_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i cuda-keyring_1.0-1_all.deb
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y install cuda-toolkit

To add the CUDA compiler (nvcc) to the system PATH:

~/.profile

export PATH=/usr/local/cuda/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

AMD and Intel open-source GPU driver (Mesa)

Install the latest Mesa open source GPU drivers from the kisak PPA

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:kisak/kisak-mesa
sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade -y

(Optional) Wine and 32-bit games support

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

Update your system

sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade -y

Install apps

Ubuntu

Save this list as pkgs.txt

pkgs.txt
# Development
git
git-lfs

# Network
cifs-utils
deluge
ssh

# System
nala
gnome-shell-extension-manager
parallel
baobab
synaptic
apt-xapian-index
zsh
ppa-purge
libfuse2

# Locale
ibus
ibus-chewing

# Media
ffmpeg
vlc
mcomix
viewnior

# Fonts
fonts-noto
fonts-wqy-microhei
fonts-wqy-zenhei
fonts-open-sans
ttf-mscorefonts-installer

Kubuntu

Kubuntu backports: Latest versions of KDE framework and APPs

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt full-upgrade -y

Save this list as pkgs.txt

pkgs.txt
# Development
git
git-lfs

# Network
cifs-utils
qbittorrent
ssh

# System
parallel
zsh
kio-extras
gnome-keyring
kubuntu-restricted-extras
ppa-purge

# Locale
ibus
ibus-chewing

# Media
ffmpeg
smplayer

# Fonts
fonts-noto
fonts-wqy-microhei
fonts-wqy-zenhei
fonts-open-sans

Install packages

Run the following scripts to install packages

sudo -v
echo ttf-mscorefonts-installer msttcorefonts/accepted-mscorefonts-eula select true | sudo debconf-set-selections
sed 's/#.*$//' pkgs.txt | xargs sudo apt install -y

Configurations

Temporary files in RAM disk

Setting tmpfs (RAM disk) for /tmp folder:

sudo cp -v /usr/share/systemd/tmp.mount /etc/systemd/system/
sudo systemctl enable tmp.mount

Automatic updates

sudo apt install unattended-upgrades
sudo dpkg-reconfigure -plow unattended-upgrades

Ubuntu: gnome shell extensions

Kubuntu/KDE Neon: System Settings

  • Double click to open files instead of single clicks: Workspace behavior => General behavior => click behavior.
  • Start with an empty session in Desktop session.

Misc.

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