Git Commands
Glossary¶
HEAD: the current state of the repo.
Download a repository¶
Clone a git repo from a remote repository:
Checking out a specific branch:
If there are submodule(s) in the Git repository, you might want to clone them as well using the --recursive option.
See also: SSH login to Git services like GitHub and GitLab.
Make changes and commit¶
git status # The current state of the repository.
git add <file> # Add a new or edited file to the staging area. i.e. telling git to track this file
git add -A # Track all files at once
git commit -m "Commit message" # Commit staged (added) file
git commit -am "Commit message" # Commit modified files without having to run git add beforehand
git revert <SHA> # Make a counter commit to undo the changes. The tracked files will go back to the <SHA> commit.
Synchronize with remote¶
git fetch # Download objects and refs from another repository without really pull in the changes
git merge # After git fetch, merge the changes done in the remote to the local repo
git push <remote> <branch-name> # Push commits in to remote
git push --set-upstream <remote> <name-of-your-branch> # Setup remote url before push
git pull <remote> # Pull changes from the remote
Git Stash¶
To temporarily store untracked files.
git stash -u # Store current work with untracked files
git stash pop # Bring stashed work back to the working directory
Work with branches¶
git branch <branch_name> # Create a new branch
git branch -a # List all branches
git branch -d <branch_name> # Delete a branch
git checkout <branch_name> # checkout an existing branch
git checkout -b <branch_name> # Create a new branch and checkout it
git switch <branch_name> # Switch to a specified branch. If the branch name does not exist, create one.
git merge <branch_name> # Merge the branch into the current branch
Orphan branches¶
Orphan branches are unrelated to others in history. For example, gh-pages branch dedicated to GitHub pages.