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Ubuntu postinstall

Things to do after installing

Info

Uncomment the zh_TW line in /etc/locale.gen. And then run:

sudo locale-gen

Finally, install the Traditional Chinese locale in Language Support and then set locale to Taiwan.

Make software repo point to NCHC for faster network speed

You can replace  archive.ubuntu.com with a closer mirror, e.g., tw.archive.ubuntu.com or free.nchc.org.tw in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources. After you are done, run:

sudo apt clean && sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade -y

(Optional) Remove snap

List snap packages

snap list

Uninstall each Snap package

sudo snap remove $PKG

Stop the snapd service and uninstall it

sudo systemctl stop snapd
sudo apt remove --autoremove --purge snapd
sudo apt-mark hold snapd

Setup 3rd party apps

Adding 3rd party repositories for latest packages not available in xUbuntu's official repositories.

First, install required package

sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl git gnupg-agent software-properties-common

Brave browser

Setup Brave browser

sudo curl -fsSLo /usr/share/keyrings/brave-browser-archive-keyring.gpg https://brave-browser-apt-release.s3.brave.com/brave-browser-archive-keyring.gpg
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/brave-browser-archive-keyring.gpg arch=amd64] https://brave-browser-apt-release.s3.brave.com/ stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/brave-browser-release.list > /dev/null
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y brave-browser

Git

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:git-core/ppa
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y git git-lfs

qBittorrent

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:qbittorrent-team/qbittorrent-stable
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y qbittorrent

Telegram messenger

Download and run the official binaries.

Vivaldi browser

Vivaldi browser

curl -fsSL https://repo.vivaldi.com/archive/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/vivaldi-keyring.gpg
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/vivaldi-keyring.gpg arch=amd64] https://repo.vivaldi.com/archive/deb/ stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/vivaldi.list > /dev/null
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y vivaldi-stable

Xanmod Linux kernel

Xanmod is a general-purpose Linux kernel distribution with custom settings and new features.

curl -fsSL https://dl.xanmod.org/gpg.key | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/xanmod-keyring.gpg
echo 'deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/xanmod-keyring.gpg] http://deb.xanmod.org releases main' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/xanmod-kernel.list > /dev/null
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y linux-xanmod

Nvidia GPU computing (CUDA)

The following section works for Ubuntu 24.04 LTS.

Install nvidia CUDA runtime and compatible GPU driver.

For Ubuntu 24.04:

wget https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu2404/x86_64/cuda-ubuntu2404.pin
sudo mv cuda-ubuntu2404.pin /etc/apt/preferences.d/cuda-repository-pin-600
wget https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/12.6.0/local_installers/cuda-repo-ubuntu2404-12-6-local_12.6.0-560.28.03-1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i cuda-repo-ubuntu2404-12-6-local_12.6.0-560.28.03-1_amd64.deb
sudo cp /var/cuda-repo-ubuntu2404-12-6-local/cuda-*-keyring.gpg /usr/share/keyrings/
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y install cuda

Add the CUDA compiler (nvcc) to the system PATH:

~/.profile
export PATH=/usr/local/cuda/bin${PATH:+:${PATH}}

For WSL2, install Window NVIDIA GPU driver first; then install the CUDA toolkit in the WSL

# remove the old GPG key
sudo apt-key del 7fa2af80
# Install Linux CUDA toolkit
wget https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/wsl-ubuntu/x86_64/cuda-keyring_1.1-1_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i cuda-keyring_1.1-1_all.deb
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y cuda

AMD and Intel open-source GPU library (Mesa)

Install the latest Mesa open source GPU drivers from the kisak PPA

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:kisak/kisak-mesa
sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade -y

Wine and 32-bit games support

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

sudo mkdir -pm755 /etc/apt/keyrings
sudo wget -O /etc/apt/keyrings/winehq-archive.key https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/winehq.key

sudo wget -NP /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/dists/noble/winehq-noble.sources

Kubuntu backports

Kubuntu backports: Latest versions of KDE framework and APPs

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt full-upgrade -y

Update your system and install packages

sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade -y

Ubuntu:

sudo apt install -y git git-lfs cifs-utils ssh nala gnome-shell-extension-manager parallel baobab ncdu synaptic apt-xapian-index ppa-purge ubuntu-restricted-extras ffmpeg vlc mcomix fonts-wqy-microhei fonts-wqy-zenhei fonts-open-sans ttf-mscorefonts-installer zsh btrfs-compsize

Kubuntu:

sudo apt install -y git git-lfs cifs-utils ssh nala parallel ncdu kio-extras gnome-keyring ppa-purge kubuntu-restricted-extras ffmpeg vlc fonts-wqy-microhei fonts-wqy-zenhei fonts-open-sans ttf-mscorefonts-installer zsh btrfs-compsize synaptic apt-xapian-index

Configurations

Terminal

Temporary files in RAM disk

Setting tmpfs (RAM disk) for /tmp folder:

sudo cp -v /usr/share/systemd/tmp.mount /etc/systemd/system/
sudo systemctl enable tmp.mount

Disable Extended Security Maintenance (ESM)

sudo mv /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20apt-esm-hook.conf /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20apt-esm-hook.conf.disabled

Automatic updates

sudo apt install unattended-upgrades
sudo dpkg-reconfigure -plow unattended-upgrades

Gnome shell extensions

YOu can also search and install extensions via gnome-shell-extension-manager

Kubuntu System Settings

  • Double click to open files instead of single clicks: Workspace behavior => General behavior => click behavior.
  • Start with an empty session in Desktop session.

Misc.

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